Europes Aging Population Europe - 1400 Words

Europe’s Aging Population Europe provides a well-documented example of a developed region experiencing an aging population. Carone et al. (2005) say that over the coming decades, the number of people aged 65 and over in the EU is predicted to double, as a result the old age dependency ratio will change to 2:1, meaning that for every two people of working age there will be one aged 65 or older. The scale of the aging population is compounded by the region’s low fertility, with member states averaging 1.5 children per childbearing woman in 2004, well below the replacement rate. Carone, et al. (2005) point out that there are cultural and structural reasons for this, including high usage of birth control; higher female education attainment and†¦show more content†¦Over the last 10-15 years, this has become an issue as Europe’s elderly population has grown substantially. In 2014, the over 65’s accounted for 18.5% of a 506.8 million EU total (Eurostat, 2015). In 1960, the share of the population aged over 80 was only 1.5%, however, it had risen to nearly 5% by 2010 (OECD, 2013). Inward migration is put forward as a potential solution to filling the labour deficit left by aging populations. For the EU, proposals for a quota of migrants adjusted for each member state’s circumstances could help alleviate the challenges of an ageing population (Ellyatt, 2015). Through bringing in migrants of working age, Denton and Spenser (2014) suggest that gross domestic product (GDP) will increase; they note additionally that bringing in families will help boost fertility rates and therefore mitigate the challenges of an aging population over time. However, these proposals have been met with criticism. Despite being dated, Coleman (2000 and 2001) said that encouraging migration is only a short term fix. In order to ease the issues of population aging, the rates of immigration would have to be so high that the cultural, social and political side effects of altering the composition of the host population would outweigh any potential benefits. For example, it is noted by Kassam, et al. (2015) that Germany would need an average of 533,000 imigrants every year to offset its shortage of workers. The likely

Computer Topology Of A Network - 1391 Words

INTRODUCTION: The physical or network topology of a network seriously affects the network price, dependability, throughput, and approach pattern, etc, thus we want to contemplate these multiple criteria having totally different units, at the same time. However, normal ways of planning topology contemplate solely one criterion, e.g., minimizing the specified range of physical links. during this paper, we tend to propose a topology style methodology exploitation average rank, that is calculated by averaging the ranks of all criteria. This methodology needs very little calculation and therefore the principle of topology analysis is basically straightforward. Through numerical analysis, we tend to show that this methodology will realize†¦show more content†¦Outline of a Network Topology: I- Overview of physical or network topology of a network II- Different criteria used in planning for a Network Topology III- Factors affecting Network implementation IV- About Network Architecture In order to know and apply the ideas during this chapter, you must be acquainted with basic networking ideas. This includes the functions and options of the TCP/IP protocol suite, technologies like the variants of LAN, synchronous optical network (SONET), and wave division multiplexing (WDM), and therefore the basics of network routing, security, performance, and management. Network analysis, design, and style have historically been thought of art, combining somebody s explicit rules on evaluating and selecting network technologies; information regarding however technologies, services, and protocols is meaningfully combined; expertise in what works and what doesn t; along with (often arbitrary) alternatives of network designs. However, as with different sorts of art, success of a specific network style usually depends totally on who is doing the work, with results that are rarely duplicable. this could have been acceptable within the period of time of n etworking, once networks were a lot of a hobby than a crucial resource and didn t directly support revenue generation. Today, however, networks are embedded among our work, home, and outside environments. they re thought of

Stigma Obesity Free Essays

Laura Mealer 4/11/12 Essay #9 Stigma: Obesity The fat stigma is becoming a global problem according to an article in the New York Times by Tara Parker-Pope. â€Å"Dr. Brewis and her colleagues recently completed a multicountry study intended to give a snapshot of the international zeitgeist about weight and body image,†(NY times). We will write a custom essay sample on Stigma Obesity or any similar topic only for you Order Now ‘The findings were troubling, suggesting that negative perceptions about people who are overweight may soon become the cultural norm in some countries, including places where plumper, larger bodies traditionally have been viewed as attractive,’ according to a new report in the journal Current Anthropology. Dr. Lear, who is studying rising childhood obesity in that country and in Canada, agrees the potential for stigmatization exists. †We know in developed countries that obese people are less successful, less likely to get married, less likely to get promoted,† he said. The researchers elicited answers of true or false to statements with varying degrees of fat stigmatization. The fat-stigma test included statements like, †People are overweight because they are lazy† and †Some people are fated to be obese,†(NY Times). Using mostly in-person interviews, supplemented with questions posed over the Internet, they tested attitudes among 700 people in 10 countries, territories and cities, including American Samoa, Tanzania, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Argentina, New Zealand, Iceland, two sites in Arizona and London. Dr. Brewis said she fully expected high levels of fat stigma to show up in the †Anglosphere† countries, including the United States, England and New Zealand, as well as in body-conscious Argentina. But what she did not expect was how strongly people in the rest of the testing sites expressed negative attitudes about weight. The results, Dr. Brewis said, suggest a surprisingly rapid †globalization of fat stigma. † But what appears to have changed is the level of criticism and blame leveled at people who are overweight. One reason may be that public health campaigns branding obesity as a disease are sometimes perceived as being critical of individuals rather than the environmental and social factors that lead to weight gain. †A public health focus on ‘You can change,’ or ‘This is your fault,’ can be very counterproductive,† he said. †Stigma is serious. ‘ â€Å"Key ideas in the global model of obesity include the notions that obesity is a disease and that fat reflects personal and social failing. In all our samples, some fat stigma is evident, and the global model suggests that the cultural shared idea that fat or obesity is a basis for judging the social and personal qualities of the individual. However, and critically, the shared cultural mod el also suggests the culturally correct perspective that expressing those judgments too obviously or forcefully is not acceptable. (JSTOR) â€Å"In summary, these analyses suggest that norms about fat-as-bad and fat-as-unhealthy are spreading globally and that cultural diversity in conceptions of ideal or acceptable body size appears to be on the decline. Certainly, negative and especially discrediting ideas about fat/obesity are now seemingly much more widespread than a thorough reading of the available ethnographies would suggest. This process of cultural change appears to be happening very quickly, likely representing homogenization in beliefs in this domain just within the last decade or two. This leans us toward the age-old anthropological challenge of better understanding what drives the cultural diffusion of new ideas and feeds their gaining salience. Our findings hint that newer forms of educational media, including global public health campaigns, may be driving this trend. Whatever their source, it is important to understand the dynamics of fat-stigmatizing cultural models because of their potential influence on both physical and social well-being of individuals in a wide range of socioecological contexts. †(JSTOR) How to cite Stigma Obesity, Essay examples

Sample Solution on the Business Process of Bakery

Question: Explain the business process of Bakery. Answer: The business operation of B.Bakery is to make delicious breads and pastries for their customers and providing quality product so that they enjoy while they eat. It is a family owned company and employs around 70 employees in their company and its revenue increased to around more than $13.5 million in a year. The firm also supplied confectionary and bread to different number of business which includes pub chains and supermarkets (Epstein and Lee, 2011). Over the years, the company has experienced mixed fortune in terms of the business performance and has also experienced growth in the last few years and also produces some of the new healthy products. The operation of the company includes appropriate formation of the processes such as design, planning, strategy and control of the performance of the company (Fifield and Power, 2011). The steps implemented for the development of the company and evaluating the efficiency of the organization in order to achieve maximum outputs of the produ cts in the market. The main aim of the firm is to provide quality products to their customers. Business requirements The most important business processes of the firm is the collection, evaluation and processing of the data. The implementation of the accounting information system will help to manage the accounts and removing risk of lost data and information (Gough, 2002). The accounting software will help to take the firm to the next level. The functions of accounting information system are given below: AI S will help to collect information and data as well as recording all the transactions. The supply of the information to the decision makers that includes preparation of the financial reports (Holton, 2012). It will ensure accurate and efficient record of the business transactions. The software accounting information system will help to identify, record, systemize, process, track and control all the financial information and data (Kieso, Weygandt and Warfield, 2011). It will reduce the risk of omission and errors and achieving the following objectives by B.Bakery: Processes to store, evaluate and analyze the financial information and data The software will help in the management of the financial data Internal controls and security measures to protect the data (Kimmel, Weygandt and Kieso, 2007). The collection and disclosure of the information about the product and customer. High level of accuracy and processing of financial data with proper authorization The accounting information system enables to collect process and filter the financial data. The accounting information system enables the users of the financial statements to make necessary decisions (Sharma, 2010). System requirements The selection and requirement of the software will help in the achievement in the objectives. The objectives that can be achieved are as follows: The development of the accounting information system will help in the management of the financial data and information (Spiceland, Sepe and Nelson, 2011). The expansion of the operations and processes ensures development of the company and achievement of the goals. Therefore, it is important for the company to implement appropriate engagement. The service agreements will help in the continuation of outsourcing programs of the vendor and increasing appropriate management and process for the client satisfaction, increase in productivity and sensitivity (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). The mobilization system to enhance knowledge of the staff member and understanding the software. The communication system will help in the enhancement of system requirement and increasing the flow of communication (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). The improvement in the configuration and change management can also be done with the implementation of the accounting information system The security measures are very much important for the creation of appropriate framework system that would be used for the protection of data and information. The protection of the intellectual property can be achieved by following the laws of security for appropriate development of outsourcing services (Turtledove, 2007). The integration of the providers of the service will help in the achievement of the objectives of the company (Warren, Reeve and Fess, 2005). Software selection The software package regarding accounting is used for the creation of the proper accounting system which is as the SAP, ERP and the MYOB. It shows the enhancement in the organization that helps in the creation of the growth for the organization regarding the security, POS, time tracking, inventory, payroll and the billing process (Wolf, 2008). This implementation of the systems helps in the growth of the organization as well as it also helps in the enhancement of the strategies that are useful for the creation of the calculation systems, securitization, account up-gradation and the proper arrangement of the company. Thus it also helps in the creation of the continuation of the systems that are helpful for the growth and the development of the proper payment system in the company. The SAP software is used for the creation of the balanced situation in the financial management and the mitigation of the risks and thereby it also helps in monitoring the costs and the entity operations tha t are required for the process of accounting (Romney and Steinbart, 2006). Thus it shows the fruitful implementations that help in the proper continuation of the process that are helpful for the appropriate enhancement of the problems. It also helps in the creation of the appropriate communication system between the banks that also increases the investment management for the organization. The MYOB software also helps in the auto reconciliation of the bank for the sales of the business enhancement and thus it also helps in the determination of the business properties. The ERP software is used for the creation of the centralized information system that is used for the proper accessing of the continuum and thus environment is also created for the fulfillment of the future needs (Sharma, 2010). Vendor selection As per the advancement of the technology, the current information technologies are used in the business organization to encourage the usage of the computerized process in the field of the small medium enterprise. This in fact creates the efficiency in the business and also helps in the increment of the methods of the costs that are required for the proper creation of the business transactions (Spiceland, Sepe and Nelson, 2011). This also helps in the advancement of the computerized technology for the proper creation of the accounting systems that are useful for the growth and the enhancement of the fundamental transaction. This process of the development also includes the accounting software packages that are helpful for the proper customization of the export and the import of the accounting data that are require for facilitating the print quotes, sales orders and the other procurement orders. The accounting software also helps in the increment of the security levels that are require d for the creation of the proper transaction of the business accounts and also includes the maintenance of the account of the organization (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). For this purpose, several other accounting software are used among which MYOB is the best suited accounting software. It is totally proved on the basis of the analysis that helps in the continuation of the scalability, costs and the account payable with receivable with all over the globe. The main features that are included for the purpose of the continuation of the MYOB in the organization are the real time data, integrated inventory systems with the solutions regarding the business management, proper gathering of the report in the excel sheet and also manages the operation and the other activities regarding the business. The software SAP is also used for the proper integration of the business which can be easily represented through the business process and the other accounting related software (Wolf, 2008). The key features that are consisted by the SAP for the development of the organization are managing the journals with the budget and the account receivable and the payable, managing the inventories that are required for the proper development of the customer data and the management of the sales process (Zopounidis, 2008). It also includes the management of the inventories all across the stock movements with the changing of the locations and also it helps in recording and tracking the other stock movements. Thus it is proved that the most suitable vendor is the software package that is involved in the given Bakery business. Thus it also helps in the transformation of the security maintenance of the Bakery Business with the implementation of the enhancement of the risks. Conclusion The technology of the accounting information system also helps in providing the necessary information for the proper management of the system in an efficient manner for the sake of the development of the business Bakery. Since B. Bakery is a family owned business, it also helps in analyzing the report which helps in the development of the firm that is requisite for the creation of efficiency in the business (Turtledove, 2007). The firm also helps need more efficient information system and thus it also helps in the improvement of the effective business and thus it also helps in carrying out the sophistication of the business. Effective creation of the IT governance strategies which helps in the reduction of the hacking of the information and the other fraudulent that are involved for the enhancement of the cybercrime. References Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2007).Corporate finance. Boston: Pearson Addison Wesley. Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. (2008).Financial accounting and reporting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Epstein, M. and Lee, J. (2011).Advances in management accounting. Bingley, UK: Emerald. Fifield, S. and Power, D. (2011).Managerial finance. [Bradford, UK]: Emerald. Gough, L. (2002).Global finance. Oxford, U.K.: Capstone Pub. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Kieso, D., Weygandt, J. and Warfield, T. (2011).Intermediate accounting. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Kimmel, P., Weygandt, J. and Kieso, D. (2007).Financial accounting. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley. Powner, D. (2012).Information technology. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Govt. Accountability Office. Romney, M. and Steinbart, P. (2006).Accounting information systems. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Sharma, N. (2010).Business finance. Jaipur, India: ABD Publishers. Spiceland, J., Sepe, J. and Nelson, M. (2011).Intermediate accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Stittle, J. and Wearing, B. (2008).Financial accounting. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Turtledove, H. (2007).Settling accounts. New York: Del Rey/Ballantine Books. Warren, C., Reeve, J. and Fess, P. (2005).Financial managerial accounting. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Wolf, M. (2008).Fixing global finance. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press. Zopounidis, C. (2008).Managerial finance. [Bradford, England]: Emerald.